Disruption to major shipping lanes, like the Strait of Hormuz, have caused freight rates to climb this year.
As an example, the BDI, or
Baltic Dry Index (published daily), which tracks the cost of shipping raw materials like coal and steel, is up about 36% since early January - but with peaks and troughs creating substantial volatility.
(Technical note: BDI is a composite index made up of a weighted sum of cost indices for various size of ships: 40% Capesize, 30% Panamax, 30% Supramax).
Recall that Capesize are the largest class of dry-bulk carriers, primarily transporting high volume commodities like iron ore and coal. Their name comes from the fact they traditionally had to "round the capes" as their size exceeded canal limits. They have deadweight tonnage of between 150K to 400K tonnes (note: DWT includes cargo, fuel, water, provisions, passengers and crew).